O=Oxidizing, R=Reducing, N=Neutral, V=Vacuum

Velocity Rating

Once the selection of materials is made attention should be given to the parameter of flow induced stresses. Fluids flowing by a well form a turbulent wake called the Von Karman Trail. This wake has a definite frequency based on the diameter of the well and the fluid velocity. It is important to provide a well with sufficient stiffness so that the wake frequency will never exceed the natural frequency of the well itself. Should the natural frequency of the well coincide with the wake frequency, the well would vibrate to destruction. Tapered shank wells provide greater stiffness for the same sensitivity than a straight shank well. The higher strength to weight ratio gives these wells a higher natural frequency and therefore are able to operate at higher fluid velocities. Recommended maximum velocity rating can be found for every standard well length and material catalogued. Ratings are based on operating temperatures as shown in the table below.

Single values that appear in the velocity tables may be considered safe for water, steam, air or gas. Double values distinguish between water (paranthesized) and steam, air and gases. These values are intended as general guides to selection. If you have operating conditions requiring special well designs our engineering staff is available to assist you.

Pressure Rating

The limit pressure versus temperature ratings are tabulated for various materials for each thermowell series. Here is a typical table.